In the context of deviance, _______ emphasizes the role of societal reactions in defining deviant behavior and the meanings individuals attach to their actions.

In the context of deviance, labeling theory emphasizes how society's reactions help define what is considered deviant behavior. This theory suggests that when people are labeled as "deviant," they may start to see themselves that way and act accordingly. For example, if a teenager is caught stealing and is labeled a "thief" by their peers and adults, they might begin to embrace that label and engage in more stealing. This shows that societal reactions can shape an individual's identity and behavior, making the label itself a powerful force in defining deviance. Thus, the meanings people attach to their actions and how others perceive them play a crucial role in understanding deviance.