A society decides to classify individuals based on physical features such as skin color, hair texture, and facial characteristics, labeling them into distinct racial groups. Which category best describes this phenomenon?

The phenomenon of classifying individuals into distinct racial groups based on physical features like skin color, hair texture, and facial characteristics is best described as the social construction of race. This means that society creates and assigns meaning to these physical differences, influencing how people perceive and interact with one another. For example, two people may have similar skin tones but belong to different racial groups based on cultural or historical factors rather than biological differences. This classification can lead to stereotypes and social divisions, affecting opportunities and experiences in life. Ultimately, race is not just about biology; it is shaped by social beliefs and norms.