What does the concept of racial identity primarily refer to in the context of Racial Formation Theory?

Racial identity in the context of Racial Formation Theory refers to how people understand and express their race based on social, cultural, and historical factors. This theory suggests that race is not just a biological characteristic but is shaped by society and politics, meaning it can change over time. For example, someone who identifies as Black in one country may have a different experience and identity compared to someone who identifies as Black in another country due to differing histories and social contexts. Racial identity also affects how individuals see themselves and how society perceives them, influencing their experiences and opportunities. Overall, this concept highlights that race is a complex social construct influenced by various factors rather than a fixed trait.