Given that many countries experienced significant economic growth and improvements in living standards during the Industrial Revolution, what underlying cause best explains this phenomenon according to Modernization Theory?

According to Modernization Theory, the significant economic growth and improvements in living standards during the Industrial Revolution can largely be explained by the shift from traditional societies to more modern ones. This theory suggests that as societies adopt new technologies and industrial practices, they also change their social structures, values, and institutions. For example, in England, the introduction of steam power and mechanized production not only increased efficiency but also created new jobs and opportunities for people. As a result, more individuals were able to earn a better income, leading to improved living conditions and increased access to education and healthcare. Overall, the transition to modernity sparked a cycle of growth that transformed economies and enhanced the quality of life for many.