How does labeling theory explain the transformation of an individual's self-identity in relation to deviance?

Labeling theory suggests that when society labels someone as deviant, it can significantly change how that person sees themselves and how others treat them. For example, if a teenager is caught shoplifting and is labeled as a "thief," they might start to believe they are a bad person and act more defiantly, embracing that label. This shift in self-identity can lead them to engage in more deviant behavior, as they feel they have nothing to lose. The theory highlights that the reactions of others and the labels they assign can shape a person's identity, leading to a cycle of deviance. Ultimately, labeling can trap individuals in a negative self-image and influence their future choices.