In hypothesis testing, the variable that is expected to change as a result of modifications in another variable is known as the __________ variable.

In hypothesis testing, the variable that is expected to change due to changes in another variable is called the dependent variable. This is because it "depends" on the influence of another variable, which is known as the independent variable. For example, if you are studying how studying time affects test scores, the test scores are the dependent variable because they change based on how much time a student spends studying. Understanding which variable is dependent helps researchers determine how different factors interact with each other in their studies. This concept is essential in sociology and other fields to analyze relationships between different elements.