Which of the following historical racial classification systems categorized individuals based on physical characteristics and geographic origin?

Historical racial classification systems often categorized people based on their physical features, like skin color, hair type, and facial structure, along with where they came from geographically. For example, during the 19th century, scientists used these traits to divide humans into groups, labeling them as Caucasian, Mongoloid, and Negroid, based on their appearance and the regions they inhabited. This approach tried to link physical traits to cultural and social behaviors, which is now understood to be scientifically flawed and overly simplistic. Such classifications ignored the complex nature of human diversity and the fact that people from the same area can look very different. Today, we recognize that race is a social construct rather than a strict biological category, emphasizing our shared humanity instead.