What underlying social mechanism leads to the expectation that physical labor, such as construction work, is predominantly masculine?

The expectation that physical labor, like construction work, is mainly for men comes from long-standing social ideas about gender roles. Historically, society has associated strength and toughness with masculinity, making it seem natural for men to do physically demanding jobs. This belief is reinforced by media portrayals and cultural norms that show men in these roles, while women are often depicted in caregiving or less physically demanding jobs. For example, when we see a construction site, we often expect to see men operating heavy machinery, which shapes our understanding of who belongs there. These stereotypes can limit opportunities for women and create barriers that make it harder for them to enter and succeed in these fields.