What is the primary distinction between ethnicity and race in sociology?

In sociology, the primary distinction between ethnicity and race lies in how each concept defines groups of people. Race usually refers to physical characteristics, such as skin color, facial features, and hair type, which are often used to categorize people into broad groups. On the other hand, ethnicity relates to cultural factors, including nationality, language, traditions, and shared history. For example, someone might identify as Black (race) but also as Jamaican (ethnicity), highlighting their cultural background. Understanding this difference helps us appreciate the complexity of human identity and the ways people connect with one another.