What are the main stages of the Demographic Transition Model that describe the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates?

The Demographic Transition Model describes how countries move from having high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as they develop. In the first stage, both rates are high, leading to slow population growth. As a country develops, it enters the second stage where death rates drop due to better healthcare and sanitation, while birth rates remain high, causing rapid population growth. In the third stage, birth rates begin to decline as people have fewer children, often due to increased education and access to contraception. Finally, in the fourth stage, both birth and death rates are low, stabilizing the population, like in many developed countries today.