How do declining fertility rates influence economic structures and family dynamics, particularly in the context of government incentives designed to encourage higher birth rates?

Declining fertility rates mean that fewer babies are being born, which can change how economies work and how families are structured. When there are fewer children, there may be a smaller workforce in the future, leading to challenges in supporting older generations. For example, if a country has many elderly people and not enough young workers, the government might struggle to provide pensions and healthcare. In response, some governments create incentives, like financial support or childcare services, to encourage families to have more children. However, these efforts can also lead to shifts in family dynamics, as parents may feel pressured to balance work and family life differently.