The contrasting perspectives on the causes of poverty in the Black community often revolve around Moynihan's emphasis on __________ factors and Wilson's focus on systemic barriers.

The causes of poverty in the Black community can be understood by looking at two different ideas. One perspective, offered by Daniel Moynihan, suggests that cultural factors, like family structure and behaviors, play a big role in keeping people in poverty. For example, he argued that single-parent households often struggle more financially, which can create a cycle of poverty. On the other hand, William Julius Wilson focused on systemic barriers, meaning he believed that larger social issues, like discrimination and lack of job opportunities, are the main reasons for poverty. For instance, if a neighborhood has fewer jobs available due to economic decline, it can lead to higher poverty rates regardless of family structure.