What underlying cause contributes to the high birth rates observed in lower-income countries, which in turn exacerbates their economic challenges?

One underlying cause of high birth rates in lower-income countries is the lasting impact of colonialism, which has shaped their economies and social structures. During colonial times, many of these countries were exploited for their resources, leaving them with weak infrastructures and limited access to education and healthcare. As a result, families often have more children, hoping that some will survive and support the family in the future. For example, in a rural community where healthcare is poor, a family might have six children to ensure that at least a few reach adulthood and can contribute to the household. This high birth rate can create economic challenges, as more children mean more mouths to feed and less investment in each child's education and health, perpetuating the cycle of poverty.