If upper-middle-class parents often encourage their children to express their opinions and make independent choices, what underlying factor likely contributes to this parenting style?

Upper-middle-class parents often have the resources and education that allow them to prioritize their children's development in a way that encourages independence and self-expression. This parenting style is likely influenced by their belief in the importance of critical thinking and personal agency, which they see as essential for success in a competitive world. For example, these parents might encourage their children to join debates or choose their own extracurricular activities, believing that this helps them build confidence and decision-making skills. Additionally, they may have the time and flexibility to engage in discussions with their children, allowing for open dialogue about opinions and choices. Overall, their values reflect a desire to prepare their children for future challenges by fostering independence and self-advocacy.