📚 Learning Guide
Phase Diagrams
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In a monotectic system, at what point does the separation of two immiscible liquid phases occur, and how does this relate to the conditions at a triple point?

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Choose the Best Answer

A

At a specific temperature and composition where both liquid phases coexist and are in equilibrium.

B

Only at the critical temperature of the substance.

C

When one liquid phase completely evaporates into gas.

D

At the freezing point of the solid phase.

Understanding the Answer

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Answer

In a monotectic system the single liquid phase splits into two immiscible liquids when the temperature reaches the monotectic temperature, the point where the liquid line meets the liquidus lines of both components. At this temperature the liquid phase is in equilibrium with two separate liquid phases, so the mixture suddenly separates into a NaCl‑rich liquid and a KCl‑rich liquid, for example. This situation is analogous to a triple point because three phases—two liquids and the solid of one component—are in mutual equilibrium at the same temperature and pressure. The monotectic point therefore behaves like a triple point, but with two liquids instead of a solid, liquid, and gas. Thus, the separation of two immiscible liquid phases occurs exactly at the monotectic temperature, mirroring the coexistence conditions seen at a triple point.

Detailed Explanation

The monotectic line on a phase diagram shows a specific temperature and composition where two liquid phases separate and coexist in equilibrium. Other options are incorrect because People often think the monotectic separation happens at the critical temperature, where liquid and gas merge; Evaporation turns liquid into gas, not into another liquid.

Key Concepts

Monotectic Reaction
Triple Point
Topic

Phase Diagrams

Difficulty

medium level question

Cognitive Level

understand

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