If a rubber ball is dropped onto a concrete surface, which statement best describes the impact of friction between the rubber and concrete?

When a rubber ball hits concrete, the friction force acts horizontally but the ball is moving only vertically, so the friction has almost no effect on the bounce height. The normal force from the concrete is far larger than the friction force, so the ball’s vertical motion is governed almost entirely by the impact force. Friction mainly prevents the ball from sliding sideways, but it does not change how high the ball rebounds. For example, a tennis ball dropped from a few meters will bounce back to about the same height regardless of how sticky the rubber is, because the vertical motion is dominated by the normal impulse, not friction. Thus, friction between rubber and concrete is present but negligible for the vertical bounce.