📚 Learning Guide
Electric Field Induction Extension
hard

When a non-conductive dielectric material is placed in a uniform electric field, which of the following statements accurately describes the effect on the electric field lines and the resulting force between two point charges within the dielectric?

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Choose the Best Answer

A

The electric field lines become denser around the charges, resulting in an increased force between them.

B

The electric field lines bend away from the dielectric, reducing the force between the charges.

C

The electric field lines remain unchanged, but the force between the charges decreases.

D

The electric field lines become less dense, leading to an increased force between the charges.

Understanding the Answer

Let's break down why this is correct

Answer

When a non‑conductive dielectric is inserted into a uniform electric field, the field lines become less dense inside the material because the polarization of the dielectric creates an opposing field. This reduces the magnitude of the electric field inside the dielectric by a factor of the relative permittivity, εr. As a result, the electrostatic force between two point charges placed inside the dielectric is also reduced by the same factor, since force ∝ electric field. For example, if two equal charges are placed in a dielectric with εr = 2, the force between them is only half of what it would be in free space. Thus, the dielectric screens the charges and weakens their mutual attraction or repulsion.

Detailed Explanation

Inside a dielectric, the charges on the material align so that their own fields partially cancel the external field. Other options are incorrect because Some people think a dielectric makes the lines more crowded and the force stronger; It is easy to imagine the dielectric pushing the lines away, but the field lines stay straight; the dielectric does not bend them.

Key Concepts

Electric Field Lines
Coulomb's Law
Polarization of Dielectrics
Topic

Electric Field Induction Extension

Difficulty

hard level question

Cognitive Level

understand

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