How did the establishment of trade routes during the colonial era influence the social hierarchy in colonized regions?

The establishment of trade routes during the colonial era greatly influenced the social hierarchy in colonized regions by creating new economic opportunities and shifting power dynamics. As European powers established trade networks, they often favored certain groups, such as local elites or European settlers, who benefited from trade and gained wealth and influence. This led to a new social structure where those involved in trade, like merchants and landowners, rose to higher social positions, often at the expense of indigenous populations who were marginalized. For example, in places like India, British traders became powerful and wealthy, while traditional leaders and farmers lost their status and resources. Overall, trade routes not only changed the economy but also reshaped who held power and privilege in these societies.