A city council is planning to redevelop an old industrial area into a mixed-use neighborhood. Which approach best aligns with the principles of sustainable urban development to ensure environmental preservation while meeting community needs?

The best approach is to use a mixed‑use, transit‑oriented design that incorporates green infrastructure, high‑density housing, and community spaces while preserving natural features. By concentrating development around existing transit lines, the city reduces car dependence, lowers emissions, and saves land that could otherwise be cleared. Adding parks, rain gardens, and permeable surfaces protects waterways and improves local air quality, while affordable housing units meet residents’ needs. For example, a former factory site can be converted into a neighborhood with a central park, bike lanes, and mixed‑income apartments, all connected by a light‑rail spur that keeps traffic low. This strategy balances ecological protection, economic vitality, and social inclusion.