How does the substitution effect influence consumer surplus when the price of a good decreases, and how is this represented in terms of indifference curves?

When the price of a good decreases, consumers often feel that they can buy more of that good without spending more money, which is known as the substitution effect. This means that they may choose to buy more of the cheaper good instead of a more expensive one. As a result, consumer surplus, or the extra benefit consumers get from paying less than what they are willing to pay, increases. In terms of indifference curves, this change can be shown by a movement to a higher indifference curve, indicating that consumers can achieve a higher level of satisfaction with their new choices. For example, if the price of apples drops, a consumer might buy more apples, leading to greater satisfaction and a larger consumer surplus than before.