How do per-unit taxes typically affect consumer and producer surplus in a market?

Per-unit taxes are fees that the government charges for each unit of a good sold. When a per-unit tax is applied, it increases the price that consumers have to pay while decreasing the price that producers receive. This change causes consumer surplus, which is the benefit consumers get from buying a product for less than what they would be willing to pay, to decrease because they pay more. Similarly, producer surplus, the benefit producers receive from selling at a higher price than their minimum acceptable price, also decreases because they receive less money for their goods. For example, if a tax of $2 is added to a product that originally costs $10, consumers might now pay $12, reducing their overall satisfaction and reducing the profit for producers.