How does an increase in government spending as part of fiscal policy typically affect the national debt?

When the government increases spending, it often borrows money to pay for those expenses, especially if it doesn't have enough revenue from taxes. This borrowing adds to the national debt because the government is taking on more loans that it needs to pay back in the future. For example, if a government decides to build new schools and does not raise taxes to fund it, it might issue bonds to raise the necessary funds. As more bonds are sold, the total national debt grows because the government is committed to repaying those amounts later. Therefore, while increased government spending can stimulate the economy, it usually leads to a higher national debt if not balanced by increased revenue.