Fiscal policy is to national debt as monetary policy is to what?

Fiscal policy involves government decisions about spending and taxation, which can affect the national debt. When a government spends more than it earns in taxes, it borrows money, leading to an increase in national debt. On the other hand, monetary policy relates to how a country's central bank controls the money supply and interest rates to influence the economy. So, if fiscal policy is to national debt, then monetary policy is to inflation, as it aims to manage the overall price level in the economy. For example, if a central bank lowers interest rates, it encourages borrowing and spending, which can help control inflation.