Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of deadweight loss in a market affected by a price ceiling?

Deadweight loss happens when a market is not working efficiently, often due to government interventions like price ceilings. A price ceiling is a maximum price set by the government, usually to help consumers by keeping prices low. For example, if the government sets a price ceiling on rent, landlords might not want to rent out their apartments at the lower price, leading to fewer apartments available. This creates a situation where some people who want to rent cannot find an apartment, while others who could afford more are unable to pay the lower price. The lost opportunities for both landlords and renters create a deadweight loss, meaning the total economic benefit in the market is reduced.