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Behavioral Economics and Decision-Making

Behavioral economics examines the decision-making processes of individuals and societies, focusing on how they allocate scarce resources amidst competing wants and needs. This field combines insights from psychology and economics to understand why people may prioritize certain choices over others, often leading to trade-offs. Recognizing these dynamics helps students grasp the implications of economic behavior in both personal and societal contexts, enhancing their overall economic literacy.

17 practice questions with detailed explanations

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Practice Questions

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1

Which of the following best illustrates the influence of social norms on decision-making in behavioral economics?

People often look at what others do to decide how to act. Other options are incorrect because This answer suggests that price alone drives decisions; ...

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2

How does the concept of bounded rationality explain the impact of anchoring on decision-making in behavioral economics?

Bounded rationality means people make choices with limited information. Other options are incorrect because This answer suggests people ignore the fir...

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3

According to prospect theory, how might the framing of a decision affect an individual's choice between a guaranteed gain of $100 and a 50% chance of winning $250?

When people see a chance of losing something, they often take bigger risks. Other options are incorrect because Some might think everyone always choos...

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4

How do social norms and the framing effect influence decision-making in behavioral economics, particularly when implementing behavioral nudges?

Social norms shape how we see choices. Other options are incorrect because This answer suggests that all choices are shown the same way; This answer i...

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5

In the context of behavioral economics, which of the following scenarios best illustrates the combined effects of loss aversion, availability heuristic, and temporal discounting in decision-making?

This choice shows loss aversion, which means people fear losing money more than they like gaining it. Other options are incorrect because This option ...

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6

What is the concept of bounded rationality in behavioral economics?

Bounded rationality means people make choices with limited information and mental ability. Other options are incorrect because This option suggests pe...

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7

In behavioral economics, what is the concept that suggests people prefer to avoid losses rather than acquiring equivalent gains?

Loss aversion means people feel losses more strongly than gains. Other options are incorrect because Risk aversion is about avoiding risky choices; Th...

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8

According to prospect theory, how do individuals typically evaluate potential losses compared to potential gains?

People feel losses more strongly than gains. Other options are incorrect because Some might think gains and losses feel the same; It's a common mistak...

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9

Which of the following statements accurately reflect principles of behavioral economics in decision-making? Select all that apply.

Other options are incorrect because Many think decisions are only about logic; Some believe emotions don't affect choices....

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10

In behavioral economics, why might individuals choose a less optimal option over a more beneficial one?

People often make choices based on mental shortcuts or biases. Other options are incorrect because This suggests everyone always makes smart choices; ...

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11

In a scenario where a person must choose between buying a new phone or saving for a vacation, which behavioral economics concept best explains their decision-making process?

Opportunity cost is what you give up when you make a choice. Other options are incorrect because Market equilibrium is about supply and demand balanci...

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12

In behavioral economics, the concept of _____ refers to the tendency of individuals to give up one option in favor of another, often influenced by psychological factors rather than purely rational calculations.

Opportunity cost is what you give up when you choose one option over another. Other options are incorrect because Utility maximization means making ch...

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13

Individuals often make choices that seem irrational, such as choosing a less beneficial option when a better one is available. What underlying cause might explain this behavior?

Cognitive biases are mental shortcuts that can lead us to make poor choices. Other options are incorrect because Some people think that not knowing en...

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14

Behavioral Economics is to decision-making as Psychology is to ?

Behavioral Economics helps us understand how we make choices. Other options are incorrect because Some might think psychology is about markets; Resour...

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15

Arrange the following steps in the decision-making process according to behavioral economics: A) Identify the competing wants and needs, B) Evaluate the potential trade-offs, C) Make a final decision, D) Analyze the outcomes of the decision.

First, you need to know what you want and need. Other options are incorrect because This option skips evaluating trade-offs; This option starts with t...

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16

Alex is deciding whether to spend his savings on a new car or invest it in a startup he believes in. He values the freedom a car provides but is also excited about the potential financial return from the startup. Which behavioral economics principle best explains Alex's decision-making process in this scenario?

Opportunity cost is about what you give up when you make a choice. Other options are incorrect because Some might think loss aversion means fearing to...

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17

A consumer decides to buy a new smartphone instead of saving the money for a future vacation. What principle from behavioral economics best explains this decision?

Present bias means people prefer rewards now rather than later. Other options are incorrect because Opportunity cost is about what you give up when yo...

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