Arrange the following concepts in the correct logical sequence that describes the interactions of energy and uncertainty in quantum mechanics: A) Measurement of position, B) Application of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, C) Determination of momentum, D) Calculation of expectation values.

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A → B → C → D

B → A → D → C

C → A → B → D

B → C → A → D

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Answer

The correct sequence starts with measuring the particle’s position (A). Once we have that position, we apply the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (B) to see how this measurement limits how precisely we can know the particle’s momentum. With that limitation in mind, we determine the momentum (C) knowing it will be uncertain within the bounds set by the principle. Finally, we calculate expectation values (D) to describe the average behavior of the system. For example, if we pin a particle to a narrow spot, the principle tells us its momentum must spread out, and we use that spread to compute average kinetic energy.

Detailed Explanation

First, we measure where a particle is. Other options are incorrect because It says uncertainty comes before measurement, which is impossible—uncertainty only shows up after we have a measurement; It places momentum determination before we measure anything, so the particle’s speed would be guessed without data.

Key Concepts

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Expectation Values

Measurement in Quantum Mechanics

Topic

Energy and Uncertainty in Quantum Mechanics

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hard level question

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