A researcher is investigating how the gut microbiome influences the efficacy of a new immunotherapy for cancer patients. They hypothesize that certain microbial compositions may enhance the response to treatment. Which challenge related to microbiome research must the researcher address to effectively utilize their findings in a clinical setting?

To use microbiome data in clinics, the researcher must know which microbes help the therapy work. Other options are incorrect because Some think the host’s genes are the main hurdle, but the microbes themselves are the key players; Many believe that overall microbiome diversity alone explains therapy success.