A research team is investigating a new method to modify the genome of a crop plant to enhance drought resistance. They consider using CRISPR-Cas9 technology for this purpose. Which aspect of CRISPR-Cas9 should the researchers prioritize to ensure the precision of their gene editing?

To guarantee precise editing, the team should focus on designing a highly specific single‑guide RNA (sgRNA) that matches only the intended drought‑resistance gene and no other genomic sites. This involves selecting a unique target sequence, checking for similar sequences elsewhere in the genome, and using computational tools to predict and avoid off‑target sites. The chosen sgRNA is then paired with a high‑fidelity Cas9 variant that reduces unintended cuts. For example, if they want to edit a transcription factor that improves drought tolerance, they would design an sgRNA that binds only to the gene’s promoter region and confirm through sequencing that no other loci were altered. By prioritizing sgRNA specificity, the researchers maximize accuracy while minimizing collateral damage.