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HomeHomework HelpsociologyClassical Theories of Deviance

Classical Theories of Deviance

Classical theories of deviance refer to sociological frameworks that emphasize the rational decision-making processes of individuals, suggesting that deviant behavior results from a cost-benefit analysis where individuals weigh the potential rewards against the risks of punishment. These theories posit that deviance is a result of free will and personal choice, rather than biological or social determinism.

intermediate
3 hours
Sociology
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Overview

Classical theories of deviance provide a framework for understanding why individuals engage in behaviors that violate societal norms. These theories, including Rational Choice Theory, Social Contract Theory, and Strain Theory, emphasize the role of individual decision-making, societal agreements, an...

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Key Terms

Deviance
Behavior that violates social norms.

Example: Stealing is considered deviant in most societies.

Rational Choice Theory
A theory suggesting individuals make decisions based on perceived benefits.

Example: A person may shoplift if they believe the benefits outweigh the risks.

Social Contract
An implicit agreement among individuals to form a society.

Example: Citizens agree to follow laws in exchange for protection.

Deterrence
The use of punishment to prevent deviant behavior.

Example: Strict penalties for drug offenses aim to deter drug use.

Strain Theory
A theory that suggests societal pressures can lead to deviance.

Example: Economic hardship may lead individuals to commit theft.

Norms
Social rules that dictate acceptable behavior.

Example: In many cultures, punctuality is a norm.

Related Topics

Labeling Theory
Explores how labels affect individuals' self-identity and behavior.
intermediate
Social Control Theory
Examines how societal mechanisms regulate individual behavior.
intermediate
Conflict Theory
Focuses on the struggles between different social classes and their impact on deviance.
advanced

Key Concepts

Rational Choice TheorySocial ContractDeterrence TheoryStrain Theory