Definition
Behaviorism is a psychological approach that emphasizes the study of observable behavior over internal mental processes.
Summary
Behaviorism is a foundational theory in psychology that emphasizes the study of observable behaviors and the impact of the environment on learning. It was developed in the early 20th century by psychologists like John B. Watson and later expanded by B.F. Skinner. The theory posits that all behaviors are learned through conditioning, which can be either classical or operant. Classical conditioning involves associating a neutral stimulus with a meaningful one, while operant conditioning focuses on how reinforcement and punishment shape behavior. Behaviorism has significant applications in various fields, including education, therapy, and animal training. By understanding how behaviors are formed and modified, educators and therapists can create effective strategies to promote positive behavior and learning outcomes. Despite some misconceptions, behaviorism remains a vital area of study that continues to influence modern psychology and educational practices.
Key Takeaways
Observable Behavior Focus
Behaviorism emphasizes studying observable behaviors rather than internal thoughts or feelings.
highConditioning Types
There are two main types of conditioning: classical and operant, each with unique processes.
highInfluence of Environment
Behavior is significantly influenced by environmental factors and experiences.
mediumKey Figures
B.F. Skinner and John Watson are pivotal figures in the development of behaviorism.
mediumWhat to Learn Next
Cognitive Psychology
Understanding cognitive processes will provide a broader perspective on how learning occurs beyond observable behavior.
intermediateSocial Learning Theory
This theory complements behaviorism by exploring how observation and imitation contribute to learning.
intermediate