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HomeHomework HelpphysicsElectric Dipole and Potential Energy

Electric Dipole and Potential Energy

An electric dipole consists of two equal and opposite charges separated by a distance, and it creates an electric field and potential energy in the presence of an external electric field.

intermediate
2 hours
Physics
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Overview

Electric dipoles are fundamental concepts in physics that describe the behavior of two equal and opposite charges separated by a distance. They play a crucial role in understanding molecular interactions, electric fields, and potential energy. The dipole moment is a key factor in determining how dip...

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Key Terms

Electric Charge
A property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.

Example: Electrons have a negative charge.

Dipole Moment
A measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a system.

Example: Water molecules have a dipole moment due to their shape.

Electric Field
A field around charged particles that exerts a force on other charges.

Example: The electric field around a charged balloon can attract small pieces of paper.

Potential Energy
The energy stored in an object due to its position in a force field.

Example: A charged dipole has potential energy in an electric field.

Torque
A measure of the force that can cause an object to rotate about an axis.

Example: A wrench applies torque to turn a bolt.

Coulomb's Law
A law stating that the force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Example: Two charged balloons repel each other due to Coulomb's Law.

Related Topics

Electrostatics
The study of electric charges at rest and the forces between them.
intermediate
Molecular Polarity
Understanding how molecular shape and dipole moments affect polarity.
intermediate
Electromagnetic Waves
Exploring how electric and magnetic fields propagate through space.
advanced

Key Concepts

Electric Dipole MomentPotential EnergyElectric FieldTorque on Dipole