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HomeHomework HelpgeologyDeformation Mechanisms

Deformation Mechanisms

Deformation mechanisms in structural geology refer to the processes by which rocks change shape or position in response to applied stress, including mechanisms such as folding, faulting, and ductile flow. These mechanisms are influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, and the material properties of the rocks involved.

intermediate
3 hours
Geology
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Overview

Deformation mechanisms in structural geology are essential for understanding how rocks change shape and structure under various stresses. These mechanisms include elastic, plastic, and brittle deformation, each with distinct characteristics and implications for geological processes. By studying thes...

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Key Terms

Elastic Deformation
Temporary change in shape that is reversible once the stress is removed.

Example: A rubber band stretching and returning to its original shape.

Plastic Deformation
Permanent change in shape that occurs when stress exceeds a material's yield strength.

Example: Clay being molded into a new shape.

Brittle Deformation
Fracturing of rocks when subjected to stress beyond their strength.

Example: Breaking a glass under pressure.

Fault
A fracture in the Earth's crust along which movement has occurred.

Example: The San Andreas Fault in California.

Stress
The force applied per unit area within materials.

Example: Pressure applied to a rock layer.

Strain
The deformation resulting from applied stress.

Example: The stretching of a rubber band.

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Geological Mapping
Techniques for representing geological features and structures.
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Key Concepts

Elastic DeformationPlastic DeformationBrittle DeformationFaulting