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HomeHomework HelpgeneticsGenomic Imprinting

Genomic Imprinting

Genomic imprinting refers to a genetic phenomenon where certain genes are expressed in a parent-of-origin-specific manner, meaning that only one allele of a gene is active while the other is silenced, depending on whether it is inherited from the mother or the father. This parent-of-origin effect can influence various traits and developmental processes in offspring.

intermediate
2 hours
Genetics
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Overview

Genomic imprinting is a fascinating aspect of genetics that highlights how the origin of a gene can influence its expression. Unlike typical inheritance, where both alleles contribute equally, imprinting results in the silencing of one allele based on whether it is inherited from the mother or fathe...

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Key Terms

Genomic Imprinting
A genetic phenomenon where genes are expressed in a parent-of-origin specific manner.

Example: In genomic imprinting, the gene from the mother may be silenced while the father's gene is active.

Epigenetics
The study of changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence.

Example: Epigenetic modifications can affect how genes are turned on or off.

DNA Methylation
A biochemical process that adds a methyl group to DNA, often affecting gene expression.

Example: In genomic imprinting, DNA methylation can silence one allele of a gene.

Allele
Different versions of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

Example: An individual may inherit one allele for blue eyes from one parent and one for brown eyes from the other.

Prader-Willi Syndrome
A genetic disorder caused by the loss of function of specific genes on chromosome 15, often linked to imprinting.

Example: Individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome may experience obesity and developmental delays.

Angelman Syndrome
A genetic disorder caused by the loss of function of genes on the maternal chromosome 15, also related to imprinting.

Example: Angelman syndrome is characterized by severe developmental delays and speech impairments.

Related Topics

Epigenetics
The study of changes in gene expression that do not involve changes to the DNA sequence.
intermediate
Genetic Disorders
Health issues caused by abnormalities in the genome, often linked to inheritance patterns.
intermediate
Inheritance Patterns
The ways in which traits and genetic conditions are passed from parents to offspring.
intermediate
Cancer Genetics
The study of genetic mutations and alterations that lead to cancer development.
advanced

Key Concepts

Parent-of-origin effectsImprinted genesEpigeneticsGenetic inheritance