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HomeHomework HelpeconomicsUnderstanding Price Discrimination

Understanding Price Discrimination

Price discrimination refers to the practice of charging different prices for the same good or service, based on consumers' willingness to pay while maintaining the same production costs. This concept is significant in understanding market power, as firms must have some level of control over the market and ensure that reselling is not possible to effectively implement this strategy. By analyzing examples like airlines and movie tickets, students can grasp how firms maximize revenue by adjusting prices based on consumer elasticity and preferences.

intermediate
2 hours
Economics
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Overview

Price discrimination is a common pricing strategy used by businesses to maximize profits by charging different prices to different customers based on their willingness to pay. It can take various forms, including first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree price discrimination, each with its own c...

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Key Terms

Price Discrimination
Charging different prices to different customers for the same product.

Example: A movie theater charges less for students than for adults.

Consumer Surplus
The difference between what consumers are willing to pay and what they actually pay.

Example: If a customer is willing to pay $10 for a coffee but pays $5, the consumer surplus is $5.

Elasticity of Demand
A measure of how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in price.

Example: If a 10% price increase leads to a 20% drop in sales, demand is elastic.

Market Segmentation
Dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs or behaviors.

Example: Segmenting customers by age for targeted marketing.

First-Degree Price Discrimination
Charging each customer the maximum they are willing to pay.

Example: Negotiating prices in a car dealership.

Second-Degree Price Discrimination
Charging different prices based on the quantity consumed or the product version.

Example: Bulk discounts for buying more than one item.

Related Topics

Consumer Behavior
Study of how individuals make decisions to spend their resources.
intermediate
Market Structures
Analysis of different market forms and their characteristics.
intermediate
Pricing Strategies
Exploration of various methods businesses use to set prices.
intermediate

Key Concepts

Types of Price DiscriminationMarket SegmentationConsumer SurplusElasticity of Demand