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HomeHomework HelpeconomicsMarginal Utility

Marginal Utility

Marginal utility is the additional satisfaction a consumer gains from consuming one more unit of a good. In this context, students learn to calculate the optimal combination of two goods, apples and oranges, by analyzing marginal utility per dollar spent, emphasizing the significance of maximizing total utility within a budget constraint. This concept is fundamental in understanding consumer behavior and decision-making in economics.

intermediate
2 hours
Economics
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Overview

Marginal utility is a key concept in economics that helps explain how consumers make choices based on the additional satisfaction they receive from consuming goods and services. Understanding marginal utility allows individuals to make informed decisions about their consumption, balancing their pref...

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Key Terms

Utility
A measure of satisfaction or pleasure derived from consuming goods or services.

Example: Eating a slice of pizza provides utility.

Marginal Utility
The additional satisfaction gained from consuming one more unit of a good.

Example: The satisfaction from eating one more slice of pizza.

Total Utility
The total satisfaction received from consuming a certain quantity of goods.

Example: Total utility from eating three slices of pizza.

Diminishing Marginal Utility
The principle that as more units of a good are consumed, the additional satisfaction decreases.

Example: The first slice of pizza is more satisfying than the fourth.

Consumer Choice
The decision-making process of consumers regarding the allocation of their resources.

Example: Choosing between pizza and burgers based on preference.

Budget Constraint
The limit on the consumption choices of an individual based on their income and prices.

Example: A budget of $20 limits how much pizza and soda can be bought.

Related Topics

Consumer Behavior
Study of how individuals make decisions to spend their resources.
intermediate
Demand Theory
Explores how consumer demand is influenced by price and income.
intermediate
Elasticity of Demand
Examines how quantity demanded changes in response to price changes.
advanced

Key Concepts

UtilityDiminishing Marginal UtilityConsumer ChoiceBudget Constraint