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HomeHomework HelpeconomicsBehavioral Economics and Uncertainty

Behavioral Economics and Uncertainty

Behavioral economics and uncertainty refer to the study of how psychological factors and cognitive biases influence economic decision-making under conditions of risk and uncertainty, impacting individuals' choices and behaviors in various contexts. This field integrates insights from psychology and economics to better understand how people evaluate potential outcomes and make decisions when faced with unpredictable situations.

intermediate
3 hours
Economics
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Overview

Behavioral economics combines insights from psychology and economics to understand how people make decisions, especially under uncertainty. It challenges the traditional view of rational decision-making by highlighting the role of cognitive biases, emotions, and social influences. Key concepts inclu...

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Key Terms

Prospect Theory
A behavioral economic theory that describes how people choose between probabilistic alternatives that involve risk.

Example: People prefer a sure gain of $50 over a 50% chance to win $100.

Loss Aversion
The tendency to prefer avoiding losses rather than acquiring equivalent gains.

Example: Losing $20 feels worse than gaining $20 feels good.

Heuristics
Mental shortcuts that ease the cognitive load of making decisions.

Example: Using the rule of thumb to estimate the time needed for a task.

Framing Effects
The way information is presented can influence decision-making.

Example: A surgery described as having a 90% success rate is viewed more favorably than one with a 10% failure rate.

Cognitive Bias
Systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment.

Example: Confirmation bias leads people to favor information that confirms their existing beliefs.

Anchoring
The tendency to rely heavily on the first piece of information encountered.

Example: If the first price seen for a car is $30,000, subsequent prices will be judged against that anchor.

Related Topics

Cognitive Biases
Study of systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment.
intermediate
Game Theory
The study of mathematical models of strategic interaction among rational decision-makers.
advanced
Consumer Behavior
The study of how individuals make decisions to spend their available resources.
intermediate
Public Choice Theory
The application of economic principles to political science, analyzing how public decisions are made.
advanced

Key Concepts

Prospect TheoryLoss AversionHeuristicsFraming Effects