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HomeHomework HelpcriminologyClassical vs. Contemporary Criminology

Classical vs. Contemporary Criminology

Classical criminology refers to the theoretical framework that emphasizes free will and rational choice in criminal behavior, positing that individuals weigh the consequences of their actions before committing crimes. In contrast, contemporary criminology encompasses a broader range of theories and approaches, including social, psychological, and biological factors, to understand the complexities of criminal behavior in modern society.

intermediate
3 hours
Criminology
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Overview

Classical and contemporary criminology represent two significant approaches to understanding crime. Classical criminology, rooted in the Enlightenment, emphasizes free will and rational choice, suggesting that individuals make conscious decisions to commit crimes based on a cost-benefit analysis. Th...

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Key Terms

Criminology
The study of crime, its causes, and its effects.

Example: Criminology helps us understand why people commit crimes.

Free Will
The ability to make choices without external constraints.

Example: Classical criminology assumes that criminals act out of free will.

Deterrence Theory
The idea that the threat of punishment can prevent crime.

Example: Stricter laws are intended to deter potential criminals.

Social Factors
Elements of society that influence behavior, such as family, education, and community.

Example: Poverty is a social factor that can lead to higher crime rates.

Rational Choice Theory
The theory that individuals weigh the costs and benefits before committing a crime.

Example: A thief may consider the risk of getting caught before stealing.

Psychological Theories
Theories that focus on individual mental processes and behaviors as causes of crime.

Example: Some criminals may have underlying psychological issues that influence their actions.

Related Topics

Victimology
The study of victims and the patterns of how they are affected by crime.
intermediate
Criminal Justice System
An overview of the legal system and its processes for dealing with crime.
intermediate
Social Deviance
Exploration of behaviors that violate social norms and their implications.
advanced
Forensic Psychology
The intersection of psychology and the legal system, focusing on criminal behavior.
advanced

Key Concepts

Free WillSocial FactorsDeterrence TheoryCriminal Behavior