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HomeHomework HelpbiologyNeurotransmission Basics

Neurotransmission Basics

Neurotransmission is the process by which chemical signals, called neurotransmitters, are released from the synaptic terminal of one neuron and bind to receptors on the surface of another neuron, facilitating communication between nerve cells. This process is essential for transmitting signals throughout the nervous system and is involved in regulating various physiological and psychological functions.

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Biology
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Overview

Neurotransmission is a vital process in the nervous system, allowing neurons to communicate through chemical signals known as neurotransmitters. This communication is essential for various bodily functions, including movement, mood regulation, and cognitive processes. Understanding neurotransmission...

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Key Terms

Neuron
A nerve cell that transmits electrical and chemical signals in the body.

Example: Motor neurons control muscle movements.

Neurotransmitter
Chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.

Example: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved in reward and pleasure.

Synapse
The junction between two neurons where neurotransmission occurs.

Example: The synapse allows communication between the sending and receiving neurons.

Receptor
A protein on a neuron that binds to neurotransmitters and initiates a response.

Example: Serotonin receptors are involved in mood regulation.

Action Potential
An electrical impulse that travels along the neuron, triggering neurotransmitter release.

Example: An action potential is generated when a neuron is stimulated.

Synaptic Cleft
The small gap between neurons at the synapse.

Example: Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft to reach receptors.

Related Topics

Neuroplasticity
The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections.
intermediate
Neuroanatomy
The study of the structure of the nervous system.
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Psychopharmacology
The study of how drugs affect the mind and behavior.
advanced

Key Concepts

NeuronsNeurotransmittersSynapseReceptors