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HomeHomework HelpbiologyNervous System Overview

Nervous System Overview

The nervous system is a complex network that coordinates the body's responses to internal and external stimuli, comprising two main components: the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which consists of all the nerves that branch out from the CNS to the rest of the body. Together, these systems facilitate communication between different body parts and regulate various physiological processes.

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Overview

The nervous system is essential for coordinating bodily functions and responding to the environment. It is divided into the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which connects the CNS to the rest of the body. Neurons are the fundamental...

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Key Terms

Neuron
A nerve cell that transmits signals in the nervous system.

Example: Motor neurons control muscle movements.

Synapse
The junction between two neurons where signals are transmitted.

Example: Neurotransmitters are released at the synapse.

Central Nervous System
The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

Example: The CNS processes sensory information.

Peripheral Nervous System
The part of the nervous system outside the CNS, connecting it to limbs and organs.

Example: The PNS includes sensory and motor nerves.

Neurotransmitter
Chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse.

Example: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved in mood regulation.

Autonomic Nervous System
A part of the PNS that controls involuntary bodily functions.

Example: The autonomic system regulates heart rate.

Related Topics

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The endocrine system works alongside the nervous system to regulate bodily functions through hormones.
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Understanding the structure of the brain is crucial for studying its functions and disorders.
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Neuroplasticity
Neuroplasticity is the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections.
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Key Concepts

Central Nervous SystemPeripheral Nervous SystemNeuronsSynapses