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HomeHomework HelpbiologyMitochondrial Function

Mitochondrial Function

The topic of mitochondrial function covers the primary role of mitochondria in cells, which is to generate energy through cellular respiration. This process involves the breakdown of glucose and other organic molecules to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Understanding mitochondrial function is crucial in Biological Sciences as it has significant implications for cellular metabolism, energy production, and overall cellular health.

intermediate
3 hours
Biology
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Overview

Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell due to their critical role in energy production through ATP synthesis. They perform this function primarily through oxidative phosphorylation, which involves the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. Additionally, mitochondria ar...

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Key Terms

ATP
Adenosine triphosphate, the main energy carrier in cells.

Example: Cells use ATP to power various functions.

Oxidative Phosphorylation
The process of producing ATP using energy derived from electrons transferred through the electron transport chain.

Example: Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Krebs Cycle
A series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy.

Example: The Krebs cycle produces electron carriers used in oxidative phosphorylation.

Apoptosis
Programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.

Example: Apoptosis helps remove damaged or unnecessary cells.

Electron Transport Chain
A series of protein complexes that transfer electrons and pump protons to create a gradient for ATP production.

Example: The electron transport chain is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Chemiosmosis
The movement of ions across a selectively permeable membrane, driving ATP synthesis.

Example: Chemiosmosis occurs during oxidative phosphorylation.

Related Topics

Cellular Respiration
The process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
intermediate
Metabolism
The chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life.
intermediate
Apoptosis
The process of programmed cell death that is essential for development and maintaining tissue homeostasis.
intermediate

Key Concepts

ATP productionCellular respirationMetabolism regulationApoptosis