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HomeHomework HelpbiologyInnate Immunity

Innate Immunity

Innate immunity refers to the body's first lines of defense against pathogens, comprising physical barriers (such as skin and mucous membranes) and immune responses (such as inflammation and the action of phagocytic cells) that provide immediate, non-specific protection. This type of immunity is present from birth and acts as a rapid response to a wide range of infectious agents.

beginner
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Biology
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Overview

Innate immunity serves as the body's first line of defense against pathogens, providing immediate protection through physical barriers and immune cells. It includes components like skin, mucous membranes, and various white blood cells that act quickly to prevent infections. This non-specific respons...

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Key Terms

Innate Immunity
The body's first line of defense against pathogens, providing immediate but non-specific protection.

Example: Skin acts as an innate immunity barrier.

Pathogen
An organism that causes disease, such as bacteria or viruses.

Example: Influenza virus is a common pathogen.

Macrophage
A type of white blood cell that engulfs and digests pathogens.

Example: Macrophages are crucial in the inflammatory response.

Neutrophil
A white blood cell that responds quickly to infection and helps eliminate pathogens.

Example: Neutrophils are often the first responders to infection.

Inflammation
A protective response involving redness, heat, swelling, and pain at the site of injury or infection.

Example: Inflammation occurs when you cut your skin.

Complement System
A group of proteins that enhance the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens.

Example: The complement system helps destroy bacteria.

Related Topics

Adaptive Immunity
The immune response that is specific to particular pathogens and develops over time.
intermediate
Vaccination
The process of stimulating the immune system to develop protection against specific pathogens.
intermediate
Autoimmune Diseases
Conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own cells.
advanced

Key Concepts

Physical BarriersCellular DefensesInflammatory ResponseComplement System