Overview
Gene expression is a fundamental biological process that allows cells to produce proteins necessary for life. It involves two main stages: transcription, where DNA is converted into messenger RNA (mRNA), and translation, where mRNA is used to synthesize proteins. This process is crucial for cell fun...
Key Terms
Example: The gene for hemoglobin determines how red blood cells carry oxygen.
Example: During transcription, the gene for insulin is copied into mRNA.
Example: Ribosomes translate mRNA sequences into amino acids to form proteins.
Example: Environmental factors can lead to epigenetic changes affecting gene expression.
Example: Embryonic stem cells can become any cell type in the body.
Example: mRNA is synthesized during transcription and used in translation.