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HomeHomework HelpbiologyDNA Replication Enzymes

DNA Replication Enzymes

DNA replication enzymes are specialized proteins that facilitate the duplication of DNA during cell division; helicase unwinds the double helix, DNA polymerase synthesizes new strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template, and ligase joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand to create a continuous DNA molecule.

intermediate
2 hours
Biology
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DNA replication is a vital process that ensures genetic information is accurately copied and passed on during cell division. Key enzymes like helicase, DNA polymerase, and ligase play specific roles in this process. Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix, DNA polymerase synthesizes new strands, and l...

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Key Terms

Helicase
An enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix.

Example: Helicase separates the two strands of DNA during replication.

DNA Polymerase
An enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides.

Example: DNA polymerase adds nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Ligase
An enzyme that joins DNA fragments together.

Example: Ligase connects Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.

Replication Fork
The area where the DNA double helix is unwound and replicated.

Example: The replication fork is crucial for DNA synthesis.

Nucleotide
The building block of DNA, consisting of a sugar, phosphate, and base.

Example: A nucleotide pairs with its complementary base during replication.

Okazaki Fragments
Short DNA fragments synthesized on the lagging strand during replication.

Example: Okazaki fragments are later joined by ligase.

Related Topics

Transcription
The process of copying DNA into RNA, essential for protein synthesis.
intermediate
Translation
The process of synthesizing proteins from RNA, following transcription.
intermediate
DNA Repair Mechanisms
Processes that correct damage to DNA, ensuring genetic stability.
advanced

Key Concepts

helicaseDNA polymeraseligasereplication fork