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HomeHomework HelpbiologyCell Membrane Structure

Cell Membrane Structure

The cell membrane, described by the fluid mosaic model, is a dynamic structure composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates, allowing for selective permeability and fluidity. This model illustrates how the components can move laterally within the layer, contributing to the membrane's functional versatility.

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Biology
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Overview

The cell membrane is a vital component of all living cells, acting as a barrier that separates the internal environment from the external surroundings. It is primarily composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, which contribute to its fluid and dynamic nature. This structure allows t...

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Key Terms

Phospholipid
A molecule that forms the bilayer of the cell membrane, consisting of a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails.

Example: Phospholipids arrange themselves in a bilayer in water.

Integral Protein
A protein that is embedded in the cell membrane and can span across it.

Example: Channel proteins are integral proteins that help transport substances.

Peripheral Protein
A protein that is attached to the exterior or interior surfaces of the membrane.

Example: Receptor proteins are often peripheral proteins.

Fluid Mosaic Model
A model that describes the cell membrane as a flexible layer made of lipid molecules with proteins embedded.

Example: The fluid mosaic model explains how proteins can move within the membrane.

Selective Permeability
The ability of the cell membrane to allow certain substances to pass while blocking others.

Example: Oxygen can easily pass through the membrane due to selective permeability.

Homeostasis
The process by which a cell maintains a stable internal environment.

Example: Cells regulate their internal conditions to achieve homeostasis.

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Cell Transport Mechanisms
Study how substances move across the cell membrane, including diffusion and active transport.
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Membrane Potential
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Key Concepts

Phospholipid bilayerMembrane proteinsFluiditySelective permeability