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HomeHomework HelppsychologyAssociative Learning

Associative Learning

Associative learning is a psychological process in which a person or animal learns to connect two stimuli or a stimulus and a response, leading to a change in behavior based on their association. This encompasses two primary types: classical conditioning, where an automatic response is triggered by a new stimulus, and operant conditioning, where behavior is shaped through reinforcement or punishment.

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Psychology
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Overview

Associative learning is a fundamental concept in psychology that explains how individuals learn through the association of stimuli and responses. It encompasses two main types: classical conditioning, where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful one, and operant conditioning, which ...

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Key Terms

Conditioned Stimulus
A previously neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a conditioned response.

Example: The sound of a bell in Pavlov's experiment.

Unconditioned Stimulus
A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without prior learning.

Example: Food that causes salivation in dogs.

Conditioned Response
A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus.

Example: Salivating at the sound of a bell.

Reinforcement
Any event that strengthens or increases the likelihood of a behavior.

Example: Giving a treat to a dog for sitting.

Punishment
An event that decreases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.

Example: Scolding a child for misbehavior.

Stimulus Generalization
The tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus.

Example: A dog salivating to a different bell sound.

Related Topics

Cognitive Learning
Focuses on understanding how people think and learn through mental processes.
intermediate
Behaviorism
A theory that emphasizes observable behaviors and the ways they're learned.
intermediate
Social Learning Theory
Explores how people learn from observing others and the social context.
intermediate

Key Concepts

Classical ConditioningOperant ConditioningReinforcementStimulus Generalization