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HomeHomework HelpmathematicsComplex Numbers

Complex Numbers

Complex numbers are mathematical objects that extend the real number system to include imaginary numbers, which are defined as the square root of -1, denoted by i. They have both real and imaginary parts and can be represented in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers and i is the imaginary unit.

intermediate
3 hours
Mathematics
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Overview

Complex numbers are a fundamental concept in mathematics, combining real and imaginary components to form a new number system. They are expressed in the form a + bi, where 'a' is the real part and 'bi' is the imaginary part. Understanding complex numbers is crucial for advanced studies in mathematic...

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Key Terms

Complex Number
A number that can be expressed in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers.

Example: 3 + 4i is a complex number.

Imaginary Unit
The unit 'i' which satisfies the equation i² = -1.

Example: The square root of -1 is represented as i.

Real Part
The 'a' in a complex number a + bi, representing the real component.

Example: In 5 + 2i, the real part is 5.

Imaginary Part
The 'b' in a complex number a + bi, representing the imaginary component.

Example: In 5 + 2i, the imaginary part is 2.

Complex Conjugate
The complex number obtained by changing the sign of the imaginary part.

Example: The conjugate of 3 + 4i is 3 - 4i.

Magnitude
The distance of a complex number from the origin in the complex plane.

Example: The magnitude of 3 + 4i is 5.

Related Topics

Quadratic Equations
Study of equations that can have complex solutions, especially when the discriminant is negative.
intermediate
Linear Algebra
Explores vector spaces and linear transformations, often using complex numbers.
advanced
Fourier Transform
A mathematical transform that expresses a function in terms of its frequency components, often using complex numbers.
advanced

Key Concepts

Real NumbersImaginary NumbersComplex PlanePolar Form