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HomeHomework Helpmachine-learningVanishing/Exploding Gradients

Vanishing/Exploding Gradients

The vanishing/exploding gradients problem poses a challenge in training deep neural networks, hindering convergence during optimization. Techniques such as normalized initialization and intermediate normalization layers have been developed to mitigate this issue and enable the training of deep networks with improved convergence rates.

intermediate
2 hours
Machine Learning
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Overview

The vanishing and exploding gradients problem is a significant challenge in training deep neural networks. It occurs when gradients become too small or too large, leading to ineffective learning. Understanding this problem is crucial for anyone working with neural networks, as it can severely impact...

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Key Terms

Gradient
A vector that represents the direction and rate of change of a function.

Example: In optimization, gradients indicate how to adjust weights.

Backpropagation
An algorithm for training neural networks by calculating gradients.

Example: Backpropagation updates weights based on the error gradient.

Vanishing Gradient
A problem where gradients become too small, slowing down learning.

Example: In deep networks, early layers may learn very slowly.

Exploding Gradient
A problem where gradients become excessively large, causing instability.

Example: Exploding gradients can lead to NaN values in weights.

Activation Function
A function that determines the output of a neural network node.

Example: ReLU is a popular activation function that helps mitigate vanishing gradients.

ReLU
Rectified Linear Unit, an activation function that outputs zero for negative inputs.

Example: ReLU helps prevent vanishing gradients in deep networks.

Related Topics

Neural Network Architectures
Explore different architectures like CNNs and RNNs that can be affected by gradient issues.
intermediate
Optimization Algorithms
Learn about various optimization algorithms that can help mitigate gradient problems.
intermediate
Deep Learning Techniques
Study advanced techniques in deep learning that address gradient-related challenges.
advanced

Key Concepts

Gradient DescentBackpropagationActivation FunctionsNeural Networks