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HomeHomework Helpenvironmental-scienceHydrological Impacts of Urbanization

Hydrological Impacts of Urbanization

Hydrological impacts of urbanization refer to the alterations in the natural water cycle caused by urban development, which include changes in surface runoff, groundwater recharge, and water quality due to increased impervious surfaces and modifications to drainage systems. These impacts can lead to increased flooding, reduced water availability, and degraded aquatic ecosystems.

intermediate
3 hours
Environmental Science
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Overview

Urbanization has profound effects on hydrology, altering natural water cycles and increasing runoff. As cities grow, impervious surfaces like roads and buildings prevent water from soaking into the ground, leading to higher flood risks and degraded water quality. This change can harm local ecosystem...

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Key Terms

Impervious Surface
A surface that does not allow water to penetrate, leading to increased runoff.

Example: Concrete roads and buildings are impervious surfaces.

Runoff
Water that flows over the ground surface rather than being absorbed into the ground.

Example: Rainwater that flows into storm drains is runoff.

Groundwater Recharge
The process by which water seeps into the ground to replenish aquifers.

Example: Rainwater infiltrating into soil helps recharge groundwater.

Pollutants
Substances that contaminate water, making it harmful to health and the environment.

Example: Chemicals from agricultural runoff are common water pollutants.

Best Management Practices (BMPs)
Strategies used to manage water quality and quantity in urban areas.

Example: Using rain gardens is a BMP for managing stormwater.

Green Infrastructure
Natural systems designed to manage stormwater and improve water quality.

Example: Green roofs and permeable pavements are types of green infrastructure.

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Water Resource Management
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Sustainable Urban Development
Study principles of sustainable development in urban planning and design.
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Key Concepts

Urban runoffWater qualityGroundwater depletionFlooding