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HomeHomework HelpeconomicsGeneral Equilibrium Theory

General Equilibrium Theory

General Equilibrium Theory Applications refer to the use of mathematical models to analyze how supply and demand interact across multiple markets simultaneously, resulting in a state where all markets are in balance. This framework is often employed to understand the effects of economic policies, resource allocation, and environmental impacts on biological systems and ecosystems.

intermediate
3 hours
Economics
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Overview

General Equilibrium Theory is a fundamental concept in economics that examines how various markets interact and reach a state of balance. It emphasizes the importance of understanding how supply and demand across multiple markets can lead to an overall equilibrium in the economy. This theory is cruc...

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Key Terms

Market Equilibrium
A situation where supply equals demand in a market.

Example: When the price of apples stabilizes because the quantity supplied matches the quantity demanded.

Pareto Efficiency
A state where resources cannot be reallocated to make one individual better off without making another worse off.

Example: If all resources are allocated such that no one can be made better off without harming someone else.

Welfare Economics
The study of how economic policies affect the well-being of individuals in an economy.

Example: Analyzing tax policies to see how they impact social welfare.

Edgeworth Box
A graphical representation of the distribution of resources between two consumers.

Example: Using an Edgeworth Box to show how two people can trade goods to reach a mutually beneficial outcome.

Social Welfare Function
A function that ranks different economic states based on the welfare of individuals.

Example: A function that considers income distribution and overall happiness.

Contract Curve
The set of points in an Edgeworth Box where both consumers are maximizing their utility.

Example: Points along the curve represent efficient allocations of goods.

Related Topics

Microeconomic Theory
The study of individual economic agents and their interactions in markets.
intermediate
Game Theory
The study of strategic interactions among rational decision-makers.
advanced
Public Economics
The study of government policies and their impact on the economy.
intermediate
Behavioral Economics
The study of psychological factors that influence economic decision-making.
intermediate

Key Concepts

Market EquilibriumPareto EfficiencyWelfare EconomicsEdgeworth Box