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HomeHomework HelpchemistryVan der Waals Forces

Van der Waals Forces

Van der Waals forces are weak, non-covalent interactions that occur between molecules due to transient dipoles formed by the distribution of electrons. These forces include attractions such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonds, playing a crucial role in the stability and properties of biological molecules.

intermediate
2 hours
Chemistry
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Overview

Van der Waals forces are essential interactions that occur between molecules, influencing their physical properties and behaviors. These forces, while weaker than covalent bonds, are crucial in various scientific fields, including chemistry and biology. Understanding these forces helps explain pheno...

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Key Terms

Intermolecular Forces
Forces that occur between molecules, affecting their physical properties.

Example: Water's high boiling point is due to strong intermolecular forces.

Dispersion Forces
Weak attractions due to temporary dipoles in molecules.

Example: Noble gases exhibit dispersion forces.

Dipole-Dipole Interactions
Attractions between polar molecules due to their dipoles.

Example: Hydrochloric acid (HCl) has dipole-dipole interactions.

Hydrogen Bond
A strong type of dipole-dipole interaction involving hydrogen.

Example: Water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds.

Polar Molecule
A molecule with a net dipole moment due to uneven distribution of electrons.

Example: Water is a polar molecule.

Nonpolar Molecule
A molecule that does not have a net dipole moment.

Example: Oxygen (O2) is a nonpolar molecule.

Related Topics

Covalent Bonds
Strong bonds formed by sharing electrons between atoms.
intermediate
Ionic Bonds
Bonds formed through the transfer of electrons between atoms.
intermediate
Molecular Geometry
The three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
intermediate
Thermodynamics
The study of energy changes in chemical reactions.
advanced

Key Concepts

Dispersion ForcesDipole-Dipole InteractionsHydrogen BondsMolecular Interactions